Smoke - problems with engine

diesel fuel yearly.7 The automobile is a primary mode of transportation for many developed economies. The Detroit branch of Boston Consulting Group predicts that, by 2014, one-third of world demand will be in the four BRIC market

Smoke - problems with engine oil for Renault

Automotive industry - economy

Around the world, there were about 806 million cars and light trucks on the road in 2007, consuming over 980 billion litres (980,000,000 m3) of gasoline and diesel fuel yearly.7 The automobile is a primary mode of transportation for many developed economies. The Detroit branch of Boston Consulting Group predicts that, by 2014, one-third of world demand will be in the four BRIC markets (Brazil, Russia, India and China). Meanwhile, in the developed countries, the automotive industry has slowed down.8 It is also expected that this trend will continue, especially as the younger generations of people (in highly urbanized countries) no longer want to own a car anymore, and prefer other modes of transport.9 Other potentially powerful automotive markets are Iran and Indonesia.10 Emerging auto markets already buy more cars than established markets. According to a J.D. Power study, emerging markets accounted for 51 percent of the global light-vehicle sales in 2010. The study, performed in 2010 expected this trend to accelerate.1112 However, more recent reports (2012) confirmed the opposite; namely that the automotive industry was slowing down even in BRIC countries.8 In the United States, vehicle sales peaked in 2000, at 17.8 million units.13

Źródło: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_industry#Economy


Agricultural machinery, construction

The most popular when it comes to automotive, enjoy, of course, cars and motorcycles. With the increasing number of drivers also increases the number of such vehicles on our roads. However, in everyday life may be useful also other machines connected to the most popular vehicles. A good example can be here the equipment needed in agriculture, which is often not independent of the vehicle. Many agricultural machines and used in the construction industry we can associate, for example, a tractor suitable brand, which will certainly be of interest holders of such a vehicle. Of course, there is also a lot of self-propelled agricultural machines, but they are often very expensive.


Surfaces in contact and relative motion

Lubrication
Diagram of an engine using pressurized lubrication
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Internal combustion piston engine lubrication systems.

Surfaces in contact and relative motion to other surfaces require lubrication to reduce wear, noise and increase efficiency by reducing the power wasting in overcoming friction, or to make the mechanism work at all. At the very least, an engine requires lubrication in the following parts:

Between pistons and cylinders
Small bearings
Big end bearings
Main bearings
Valve gear (The following elements may not be present):
Tappets
Rocker arms
Pushrods
Timing chain or gears. Toothed belts do not require lubrication.


Źródło: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine